# Chimera states for a globally coupled sine circle map lattice: spatiotemporal intermittency and hyperchaos

## TL;DR

This paper investigates chimera states in a globally coupled sine circle map lattice, revealing their structure, stability, and hyperchaotic nature through numerical and analytical methods, and mapping their occurrence in parameter space.

## Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of chimera states in a sine circle map lattice, including stability, basin volumes, and hyperchaos, expanding understanding of complex spatiotemporal patterns.

## Key findings

- Chimera states emerge from random initial conditions at specific parameters.
- The identified chimera states are hyperchaotic with positive Lyapunov exponents.
- The phase diagram maps regions of chimera, synchronization, and desynchronization.

## Abstract

We study the existence of chimera states, i.e. mixed states, in a globally coupled sine circle map lattice, with different strengths of inter-group and intra-group coupling. We find that at specific values of the parameters of the CML, a completely random initial condition evolves to chimera states, having a phase synchronised and a phase desynchronised group, where the space time variation of the phases of the maps in the desynchronised group shows structures similar to spatiotemporally intermittent regions. Using the complex order parameter we obtain a phase diagram that identifies the region in the parameter space which supports chimera states of this type, as well as other types of phase configurations such as globally phase synchronised states, two phase clustered states and fully phase desynchronised states. We estimate the volume of the basin of attraction of each kind of solution. The STI chimera region is studied in further detail via numerical and analytic stability analysis, and the Lyapunov spectrum is calculated. This state is identified to be hyperchaotic as the two largest Lyapunov exponents are found to be positive. The distributions of laminar and burst lengths in the incoherent region of the chimera show exponential behaviour. The average fraction of laminar/burst sites is identified to be the important quantity which governs the dynamics of the chimera. After an initial transient, these settle to steady values which can be used to reproduce the phase diagram in the chimera regime.