# Simulations of a High-Contrast Single-Mode Fiber Coronagraphic Multi-Object Spectrograph for Future Space Telescopes

## TL;DR

This paper presents simulation results of a novel high-contrast coronagraphic system using single-mode fibers for future space telescopes, demonstrating improved starlight suppression and robustness to aberrations.

## Contribution

It introduces a new approach combining single-mode fibers with coronagraphs for enhanced exoplanet imaging, with detailed simulation analysis of system performance.

## Key findings

- Improved spectral bandwidth and raw contrast with fiber-based system
- Enhanced background-limited SNR in comparison to traditional methods
- Wavefront control algorithm shows robustness to tip/tilt errors

## Abstract

Directly imaging and characterizing Earth-like exoplanets is a tremendously difficult instrumental challenge. Present coronagraphic systems have yet to achieve the required $10^{-10}$ broadband contrast in a laboratory environment, but promising progress towards this goal continues. A new approach to starlight suppression is the use of a single-mode fiber behind a coronagraph. By using deformable mirrors to create a mismatch between incoming starlight and the fiber mode, a single-mode fiber can be turned into an integral part of the starlight suppression system. In this paper, we present simulation results of a system with five single-mode fibers coupled to shaped pupil and vortex coronagraphs. We investigate the properties of the system, including its spectral bandwidth, throughput, and sensitivity to low-order aberrations. We also compare the performance of the single-mode fiber configuration with conventional imaging and multi-object modes, finding improved spectral bandwidth, raw contrast, background-limited SNR, and demonstrate a wavefront control algorithm which is robust to tip/tilt errors.