# The multiphase gas structure and kinematics in the circumnuclear region of NGC 5728

## TL;DR

This study combines multi-wavelength observations to analyze the complex gas structures and kinematics around the AGN in NGC 5728, revealing inflows, outflows, and star formation within the circumnuclear region.

## Contribution

It provides a detailed multi-scale analysis of gas dynamics and AGN feedback in NGC 5728, highlighting the coexistence of inflows, outflows, and star formation in the circumnuclear environment.

## Key findings

- Gas inflow rate of 1 M$_{\
m sun}$ yr$^{-1}$ at the ring
- AGN-driven ionized gas outflow reaches 250 pc with 0.08 M$_{\rm sun}$ yr$^{-1}$
- The circumnuclear region largely remains structurally intact despite AGN activity

## Abstract

We report on our combined analysis of HST, VLT/MUSE, VLT/SINFONI, and ALMA observations of the local Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 5728 to investigate in detail the feeding and feedback of the AGN. The datasets simultaneously probe the morphology, excitation, and kinematics of the stars, ionized gas, and molecular gas over a large range of spatial scales (10 pc--10 kpc). NGC 5728 contains a large stellar bar which is driving gas along prominent dust lanes to the inner 1 kpc where the gas settles into a circumnuclear ring. The ring is strongly star forming and contains a substantial population of young stars as indicated by the lowered stellar velocity dispersion and gas excitation consistent with HII regions. We model the kinematics of the ring using the velocity field of the CO (2--1) emission and stars and find it is consistent with a rotating disk. The outer regions of the disk, where the dust lanes meet the ring, show signatures of inflow at a rate of 1 M$_{\sun}$ yr$^{-1}$. Inside the ring, we observe three molecular gas components corresponding to the circular rotation of the outer ring, a warped disk, and the nuclear stellar bar. The AGN is driving an ionized gas outflow that reaches a radius of 250 pc with a mass outflow rate of 0.08 M$_{\sun}$ yr$^{-1}$ consistent with its luminosity and scaling relations from previous studies. While we observe distinct holes in CO emission which could be signs of molecular gas removal, we find that largely the AGN is not disrupting the structure of the circumnuclear region.