# p-band engineering in artificial electronic lattices

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the engineering of higher-energy p-like electronic bands in artificial lattices created atom-by-atom, enabling the design of complex band structures with tunable degeneracies.

## Contribution

It introduces a method to tailor higher-energy bands in artificial electronic lattices, including anisotropic designs to lift degeneracies, supported by experimental and theoretical validation.

## Key findings

- Successfully engineered p-like bands in artificial lattices.
- Demonstrated lifting of degeneracy between p_x and p_y bands.
- Validated results with muffin-tin and tight-binding calculations.

## Abstract

Artificial electronic lattices, created atom by atom in a scanning tunneling microscope, have emerged as a highly tunable platform to realize and characterize the lowest-energy bands of novel lattice geometries. Here, we show that artificial electronic lattices can be tailored to exhibit higher-energy bands. We study p-like bands in four-fold and three-fold rotationally symmetric lattices. In addition, we show how an anisotropic design can be used to lift the degeneracy between p_x- and p_y-like bands. The experimental measurements are corroborated by muffin-tin and tight-binding calculations. The approach to engineer higher-energy electronic bands in artificial quantum systems introduced here enables the realization of complex band structures from the bottom up.