# Towards Enhancing Fault Tolerance in Neural Networks

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel multi-criteria training approach for neural networks that enhances fault tolerance by combining unsupervised and supervised learning, leveraging adversarial training to improve robustness without sacrificing accuracy.

## Contribution

It proposes an adversarial, multi-criteria training method that improves fault tolerance in neural networks by separately optimizing feature extraction and classification components.

## Key findings

- Networks trained with the proposed method show higher fault tolerance.
- The approach maintains high classification accuracy.
- Superior performance compared to traditional regularizers.

## Abstract

Deep Learning Accelerators are prone to faults which manifest in the form of errors in Neural Networks. Fault Tolerance in Neural Networks is crucial in real-time safety critical applications requiring computation for long durations. Neural Networks with high regularisation exhibit superior fault tolerance, however, at the cost of classification accuracy. In the view of difference in functionality, a Neural Network is modelled as two separate networks, i.e, the Feature Extractor with unsupervised learning objective and the Classifier with a supervised learning objective. Traditional approaches of training the entire network using a single supervised learning objective is insufficient to achieve the objectives of the individual components optimally. In this work, a novel multi-criteria objective function, combining unsupervised training of the Feature Extractor followed by supervised tuning with Classifier Network is proposed. The unsupervised training solves two games simultaneously in the presence of adversary neural networks with conflicting objectives to the Feature Extractor. The first game minimises the loss in reconstructing the input image for indistinguishability given the features from the Extractor, in the presence of a generative decoder. The second game solves a minimax constraint optimisation for distributional smoothening of feature space to match a prior distribution, in the presence of a Discriminator network. The resultant strongly regularised Feature Extractor is combined with the Classifier Network for supervised fine-tuning. The proposed Adversarial Fault Tolerant Neural Network Training is scalable to large networks and is independent of the architecture. The evaluation on benchmarking datasets: FashionMNIST and CIFAR10, indicates that the resultant networks have high accuracy with superior tolerance to stuck at "0" faults compared to widely used regularisers.