# Effective surface properties of light, heavy, and super-heavy nuclei

## TL;DR

This paper calculates effective surface properties of nuclei across the nuclear chart using relativistic mean field models, providing insights into shell structures and aiding the understanding of exotic and superheavy nuclei.

## Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of surface properties for a wide range of nuclei using advanced density fluctuation models and compares different parameter sets for accuracy.

## Key findings

- Good agreement with experimental data and models.
- Identification of shell and sub-shell signatures.
- Relevance for synthesizing exotic nuclei and constraining nuclear matter equations of state.

## Abstract

Starting from light to superheavy nuclei, we have calculated the effective surface properties such as the symmetry energy, neutron pressure, and symmetry energy curvature using the coherent density fluctuation model. The isotopic chains of O, Ca, Ni, Zr, Sn, Pb, and Z = 120 are considered in the present analysis, which cover nuclei over the whole nuclear chart. The matter density distributions of these nuclei along with the ground state bulk properties are calculated within the spherically symmetric effective field theory motivated relativistic mean field model by using the recently developed IOPB-I, FSUGarnet, and G3 parameter sets. The calculated results are compared with the predictions of the widely used NL3 parameter set and found in good agreement. We observe a few signatures of shell and/or sub-shell structure in the isotopic chains of nuclei. The present investigations are quite relevant for the synthesis of exotic nuclei with high isospin asymmetry including superheavy and also to constrain an equation of state of nuclear matter.