# Event-by-Event Multiplicity Correlations in $^{252}$Cf(sf)

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the correlation between neutron and photon multiplicities in $^{252}$Cf spontaneous fission, developing unfolding methods to analyze experimental data and confirming a negative correlation predicted by nuclear physics models.

## Contribution

The work introduces analytic unfolding expressions to correct experimental data for background and misclassification, validating model predictions of neutron-photon emission competition.

## Key findings

- Experimental data show a negative neutron-photon correlation.
- Unfolding techniques align experimental results with theoretical models.
- Confirmed neutron-photon emission competition in $^{252}$Cf fission.

## Abstract

Excited nuclear fragments are emitted during nuclear fission. The de-excitation of these fission fragments takes place as sequential emission of neutrons followed by photons. A correlation between neutron and photon multiplicities accompanying fission is thus expected. Fission event generators based on established statistical nuclear physics models predict a negative event-by-event correlation in neutron-photon multiplicity. A survey of published experimental results of an event-by-event covariance between the neutron and photon multiplicities emitted following the spontaneous fission of $^{252}$Cf is presented. Analytic unfolding expressions are developed in this work to determine the bias introduced by background sources, particle misclassification, pulse pileup, and inelastic photon production. The published experimental data are re-analyzed using these unfolding techniques and are found to be in qualitative agreement with the predictions of model-based calculations. In particular, we have concluded that there exists a significant event-by-event neutron-photon emission competition following the spontaneous fission of $^{252}$Cf.