# MCF solitons and laser pulse self-compression at light bullet excitation in the central core of MCF

## TL;DR

This paper investigates laser pulse propagation in multi-core fibers, finds stable quasi-soliton solutions, and proposes a self-compression mechanism that significantly shortens pulses with high efficiency, supported by analytical and numerical results.

## Contribution

It introduces a new self-compression method for laser pulses in multi-core fibers based on stable quasi-soliton solutions, with analytical and numerical validation.

## Key findings

- Stable in-phase soliton solutions are analytically and numerically confirmed.
- A sharp transition occurs at a critical energy between dispersed and concentrated wave fields.
- The proposed self-compression achieves up to 6-fold shortening with near 100% efficiency.

## Abstract

The propagation of laser pulses in multi-core fibers (MCF) made of a central core and an even number of cores located in a ring around it is studied. Approximate quasi-soliton homogeneous solutions of the wave field in the considered MCF are found. The stability of the in-phase soliton distribution is shown analytically and numerically. At low energies, its wave field is distributed over all MCF cores and has a duration, which exceeds the duration of the NSE soliton with the same energy by many (five-six) times. On the contrary, almost all of the radiation at high energies is concentrated in the central core with a duration similar to the NSE soliton. The transition between the two types of distributions is very sharp and occurs at a critical energy, which is weakly dependent on the number of cores and on the coupling coefficient with the central core. The self-compression mechanism of laser pulses was proposed. It consists in injecting such MCF with a wave packet being similar to the found soliton and having an energy larger than the critical value. It is shown that the compression ratio weakly depends on the energy and the number of cores and is approximately equal to 6 times with an energy efficiency of almost 100\%. The use of longer laser pulses allows one to increase the compression ratio up to 30-40 times with an energy efficiency of more than 50\%. The obtained analytical estimates of the compression ratio and its efficiency are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation.