# Multi-TeV flaring in nearby High Energy Blazars: A photohadronic scenario

## TL;DR

This paper reviews the application of the photohadronic model, accounting for EBL effects, to explain multi-TeV gamma-ray flaring in nearby high-energy blazars like Markarian 421, Markarian 501, and 1ES1959+650.

## Contribution

It demonstrates how the photohadronic model, with EBL correction, effectively explains extreme multi-TeV flaring in specific high-energy blazars.

## Key findings

- Photohadronic model successfully explains multi-TeV flaring events.
- EBL correction is crucial for accurate spectral modeling.
- Model matches observed flaring in selected blazars.

## Abstract

Blazars are a subclass of AGN and flaring in multi-TeV gamma-ray seems to be the major activity in high energy blazars a subgrup of blazars. Flaring is also unpredictable and switches between quiescent and active states involving different time scales and fluxes. While in some high energy blazars a strong temporal correlation between X-ray and multi-TeV gamma-ray has been observed, outbursts in some other have no low energy counterparts and explanation of such extreme activity needs to be addressed through different mechanisms as it is not understood well. The extragalactic background light (EBL) plays an important role in the observation of these high energy gamma-rays as it attenuates through pair production of electron-positron and also changes the spectral shape of the high energy photons. In the context of the photohadronic model and taking EBL correction into account, flaring can be explained very well. In a series of papers we have developed this model to explain multi-TeV flaring events form many blazars. Here in this review, the photohadronic model is discussed and applied to explain the multi-TeV flaring from nearby high energy blazars: Markarian 421, Markarian 501 and 1ES1959+650.