# Leveraging Acoustic Cues and Paralinguistic Embeddings to Detect Expression from Voice

## TL;DR

This paper explores using acoustic and paralinguistic embeddings to detect vocal expression in voice queries, improving intent understanding in digital assistants by capturing how something is said.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach combining acoustic and emotion embeddings for expression detection, showing significant error rate reductions over traditional lexical methods.

## Key findings

- Acoustic and paralinguistic cues significantly improve expression detection.
- Emotion embedding reduces error rate by 30%.
- Proposed method decreases EER by 60% compared to bag-of-words.

## Abstract

Millions of people reach out to digital assistants such as Siri every day, asking for information, making phone calls, seeking assistance, and much more. The expectation is that such assistants should understand the intent of the users query. Detecting the intent of a query from a short, isolated utterance is a difficult task. Intent cannot always be obtained from speech-recognized transcriptions. A transcription driven approach can interpret what has been said but fails to acknowledge how it has been said, and as a consequence, may ignore the expression present in the voice. Our work investigates whether a system can reliably detect vocal expression in queries using acoustic and paralinguistic embedding. Results show that the proposed method offers a relative equal error rate (EER) decrease of 60% compared to a bag-of-word based system, corroborating that expression is significantly represented by vocal attributes, rather than being purely lexical. Addition of emotion embedding helped to reduce the EER by 30% relative to the acoustic embedding, demonstrating the relevance of emotion in expressive voice.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1907.00112