# A Trust Architecture for Blockchain in IoT

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a layered trust architecture for blockchain-based IoT systems that assesses sensor data trustworthiness and adapts blockchain verification to enhance end-to-end trust in IoT networks.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel layered architecture that evaluates data trust and gateway reputation, improving trustworthiness in blockchain-enabled IoT applications.

## Key findings

- Data trust module performs well in indoor localization scenarios.
- Gateway reputation module enhances blockchain verification reliability.
- Qualitative security analysis supports architecture robustness.

## Abstract

Blockchain is a promising technology for establishing trust in IoT networks, where network nodes do not necessarily trust each other. Cryptographic hash links and distributed consensus mechanisms ensure that the data stored on an immutable blockchain can not be altered or deleted. However, blockchain mechanisms do not guarantee the trustworthiness of data at the origin. We propose a layered architecture for improving the end-to-end trust that can be applied to a diverse range of blockchain-based IoT applications. Our architecture evaluates the trustworthiness of sensor observations at the data layer and adapts block verification at the blockchain layer through the proposed data trust and gateway reputation modules. We present the performance evaluation of the data trust module using a simulated indoor target localization and the gateway reputation module using an end-to-end blockchain implementation, together with a qualitative security analysis for the architecture.