# Modulation instability of obliquely propagating ion acoustic waves in a collisionless magnetized plasma consisting of nonthermal and isothermal electrons

## TL;DR

This study investigates how oblique ion acoustic waves become unstable in a magnetized plasma with nonthermal and isothermal electrons, deriving conditions for instability growth and how magnetic field strength and electron distribution affect it.

## Contribution

The paper derives a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for oblique ion acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma with nonthermal electrons, analyzing instability conditions and growth rates.

## Key findings

- Maximum growth rate decreases with stronger magnetic fields.
- Growth rate increases with propagation angle and nonthermal electron parameter.
- Instability region varies with magnetic field and electron distribution.

## Abstract

We have studied the modulation instability of obliquely propagating ion acoustic waves in a collisionless magnetized warm plasma consisting of warm adiabatic ions and two different species of electrons at different temperatures. We have derived a nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation using the standard reductive perturbation method to describe the nonlinear amplitude modulation of ion acoustic wave satisfying the dispersion relation of ion acoustic wave propagating at an arbitrary angle to the direction of the external uniform static magnetic field. We have investigated the correspondence between two nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equations $-$ one describes the amplitude modulation of ion acoustic waves propagating along any arbitrary direction to the direction of the magnetic field and other describes the amplitude modulation of ion acoustic waves propagating along the direction of the magnetic field. We have derived the instability condition and the maximum growth rate of instability of the modulated ion acoustic wave. We have seen that the region of existence of maximum growth rate of instability decreases with increasing values of the magnetic field intensity whereas the region of existence of the maximum growth rate of instability increases with increasing $\cos \theta$, where $\theta$ is the angle of propagation of the ion acoustic wave with the external uniform static magnetic field. Again, the maximum growth rate of instability increases with increasing $\cos \theta$ and also this maximum growth rate of instability increases with increasing $\beta_{e}$ upto a critical value of the wave number, where $\beta_{e}$ is the parameter associated with the nonthermal distribution of hotter electron species.