# Ethical Interviews in Software Engineering

## TL;DR

This paper develops comprehensive ethical guidelines and checklists for conducting interview studies in software engineering, emphasizing confidentiality, consent, and respect for legal and ethical standards.

## Contribution

It introduces a detailed set of checklists for ethical considerations in software engineering interview research, inspired by practices in medicine and existing software guidelines.

## Key findings

- Identified key elements of ethical interview studies.
- Produced checklists covering ethical principles and procedures.
- Highlighted importance of anonymization and consent.

## Abstract

Background: Despite a long history, numerous laws and regulations, ethics remains an unnatural topic for many software engineering researchers. Poor research ethics may lead to mistrust of research results, lost funding and retraction of publications. A core principle for research ethics is confidentiality, and anonymization is a standard approach to guarantee it. Many guidelines for qualitative software engineering research, and for qualitative research in general, exist, but these do not penetrate how and why to anonymize interview data. Aims: In this paper we aim to identify ethical guidelines for software engineering interview studies involving industrial practitioners. Method: By learning from previous experiences and listening to the authority of existing guidelines in the more mature field of medicine as well as in software engineering, a comprehensive set of checklists for interview studies was distilled. Results: The elements of an interview study were identified and ethical considerations and recommendations for each step were produced, in particular with respect to anonymization. Important ethical principles are: consent, beneficence, confidentiality, scientific value, researcher skill, justice, respect for law, and ethical reviews. Conclusions: The most important contribution of this study is the set of checklists for ethical interview studies. Future work is needed to refine these guidelines with respect to legal aspects and ethical boards.