# Gravitational Deflection of Massive Particles by a Schwarzschild Black Hole in Radiation Gauge

## TL;DR

This paper calculates the gravitational deflection of relativistic massive particles around a Schwarzschild black hole using a recently derived exact metric in radiation gauge, extending previous results to higher order for improved accuracy.

## Contribution

It provides a fourth post-Minkowskian order calculation of particle deflection in a new exact Schwarzschild metric in radiation gauge, enhancing precision in gravitational lensing predictions.

## Key findings

- Results agree with previous light deflection formulations
- Higher-order corrections improve deflection accuracy
- Potential applications in high-precision astrophysical observations

## Abstract

The exact metric of a Schwarzschild black hole in the true radiation gauge was recently reported. In this work, we base on this gravity and calculate the gravitational deflection of relativistic massive particles up to the fourth post-Minkowskian order. It is found that the result is consistent with the previous formulations for both the case of dropping the fourth-order contribution and the case of light deflection. Our result might be helpful for future high-accuracy observations.