# Chiral metasurface formed by 3D-printed square helices: A flexible tool to manipulate wave polarization

## TL;DR

This paper explores 3D-printed chiral metasurfaces made of square helices, demonstrating their ability to manipulate wave polarization with properties like broadband circular dichroism and polarization conversion, both theoretically and experimentally.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel 3D-printed metal square helix metasurface with tunable polarization control capabilities, including dual-band asymmetric transmission and polarization-independent twist polarizer functionalities.

## Key findings

- Metasurfaces exhibit dual-band asymmetric transmission for even-numbered bars.
- Odd-numbered bar metasurfaces act as polarization-independent twist polarizers.
- Strong broadband circular dichroism observed across designs.

## Abstract

The transmission of linearly and circularly polarized waves are studied both theoretically and experimentally for chiral metasurfaces formed by arrays of metallic square helices. The helical particles of the metasurfaces are constructed of rectangular bars manufactured by direct three-dimensional printing in solid metal. The transmittance of the metasurface is found to depend critically on the number of bars forming the square helical particles. In the case of an even number of bars, the chiral metasurface exhibits identical co-polarized transmittance of orthogonal linearly polarized waves, which are characterized by a dual-band asymmetric transmission. For an odd number of bars, the metasurface provides the same cross-polarization conversion for any polarization orientation of the incident field and thus serves as a polarization-independent twist polarizer. Finally, the transmittance of this polarizer is investigated with respect to the dimensions of the square helices. The investigated chiral metasurfaces are characterized by strong broadband circular dichroism regardless of the number of bars in the helical particles. The wide variety of transmission properties observed in the metasurfaces makes them particularly attractive for use in polarization conversion and separation devices.