# Dynamic nuclear spin polarization induced by Edelstein effect at Bi(111) surfaces

## TL;DR

This study demonstrates how the Edelstein effect in Bi(111) thin films can induce and quantify dynamic nuclear spin polarization through quantum transport measurements, revealing interactions between electron spins and nuclear spins.

## Contribution

It introduces a transport-based method to generate and measure nuclear polarization induced by the Edelstein effect in Bi(111) surfaces, highlighting a new approach for spintronic applications.

## Key findings

- Nuclear polarization achieved via Edelstein effect at Bi(111) surfaces.
- Suppression of antilocalization indicates strong Overhauser field influence.
- Quantification of nuclear polarization through quantum magnetotransport measurements.

## Abstract

Nuclear spin polarization induced by hyperfine interaction and the Edelstein effect due to strong spin-orbit interaction is investigated by quantum transport in Bi(111) thin film samples. The Bi(111) films are deposited on mica by van der Waals epitaxial growth. The Bi(111) films show micrometer-sized triangular islands with 0.39 nm step height, corresponding to the Bi(111) bilayer height. At low temperatures a high current density is applied to generate a non-equilibrium carrier spin polarization by the Edelstein effect at the Bi(111) surface, which then induces dynamic nuclear polarization by hyperfine interaction. Comparative quantum magnetotransport antilocalization measurements indicate a suppression of antilocalization by the in-plane Overhauser field from the nuclear polarization and allow a quantification of the Overhauser field. Hence nuclear polarization was both achieved and quantified by a purely electronic transport-based approach.