# Strongly Correlated Quantum Gas Prepared by Direct Laser Cooling

## TL;DR

This paper reports the creation of a one-dimensional strongly correlated quantum gas of cesium atoms using direct laser cooling, demonstrating the system's entry into a super-Tonks-Girardeau state with reduced correlations.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel laser cooling method to produce a highly correlated quantum gas in a metastable super-Tonks-Girardeau state.

## Key findings

- Observation of non-Gaussian time-of-flight distribution
- Reduction of two- and three-body correlations
- Preparation of a super-Tonks-Girardeau gas

## Abstract

We create a one-dimensional strongly correlated quantum gas of $^{133}$Cs atoms with attractive interactions by direct laser cooling in 300~ms. After compressing and cooling the optically trapped atoms to the vibrational ground state along two tightly confined directions, the emergence of a non-Gaussian time-of-flight distribution along the third, weakly confined direction reveals that the system enters a quantum degenerate regime. We observe a strong reduction of two- and three-body spatial correlations and infer that the atoms are directly cooled into a highly correlated excited metastable state, known as a super-Tonks-Girardeau gas.