Smart Sustainable Agriculture (SSA) Solution Underpinned by Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)

TL;DR

This paper reviews IoT and AI technologies in agriculture, identifies challenges, and proposes an architecture to develop smart, sustainable farming platforms that enhance environmental monitoring and data management.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive IoT/AI architecture tailored for Smart Sustainable Agriculture, addressing fragmentation and interoperability issues.

Findings

Reviewed existing IoT/AI applications in SSA

Identified key technical challenges in SSA implementation

Proposed a novel IoT/AI architecture for SSA platforms

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been employed in agriculture over a long period of time, alongside other advanced computing technologies. However, increased attention is currently being paid to the use of such smart technologies. Agriculture has provided an important source of food for human beings over many thousands of years, including the development of appropriate farming methods for different types of crops. The emergence of new advanced IoT technologies has the potential to monitor the agricultural environment to ensure high-quality products. However, there remains a lack of research and development in relation to Smart Sustainable Agriculture (SSA), accompanied by complex obstacles arising from the fragmentation of agricultural processes, i.e. the control and operation of IoT/AI machines; data sharing and management; interoperability; and large amounts of data analysis and storage. This study firstly, explores existing IoT/AI technologies adopted for SSA and secondly, identifies IoT/AI technical architecture capable of underpinning the development of SSA platforms. As well as contributing to the current body of knowledge, this research reviews research and development within SSA and provides an IoT/AI architecture to establish a Smart, Sustainable Agriculture platform as a solution.