OLEDs as models for bird magnetoception: detecting electron spin resonance in geomagnetic fields

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are highly sensitive to Earth's magnetic field, revealing potential quantum mechanisms underlying bird magnetoception through electron spin resonance detection.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of OLEDs for detecting extremely weak magnetic fields and assesses spin coherence times using EPR, linking quantum effects to biological magnetoreception.

Findings

OLEDs show sensitivity to magnetic fields below Earth's magnetic field.

EPR experiments provide lower bounds for spin coherence times.

Demonstrated stable ODMR spectra in fluorescence and phosphorescence channels.

Abstract

Certain species of living creatures are known to orientate themselves in the geomagnetic field. Given the small magnitude of approximately 48 {\mu}T, the underlying quantum mechanical phenomena are expected to exhibit coherence times approaching the millisecond regime. In this contribution, we show sensitivity of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to magnetic fields far below Earth's magnetic field, suggesting that coherence times of the spins of charge-carrier pairs in these devices can be similarly long. By electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments, a lower bound for the coherence time can be assessed directly. Moreover, this technique offers the possibility to determine the distribution of hyperfine fields within the organic semiconductor layer. We extend this technique to a material system exhibiting both fluorescence and phosphorescence, demonstrating stable anticorrelation between optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectra in the singlet (fluorescence) and triplet (phosphorescence) channel. The experiments demonstrate the extreme sensitivity of OLEDs to both static as well as dynamic magnetic fields and suggest that coherent spin precession processes of Coulombically bound electron spin pairs may play a crucial role in the magnetoreceptive ability of living creatures.