# Higgs modes in proximized superconducting systems

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how the proximity effect in superconductor-normal metal hybrids influences Higgs modes, revealing damping of the standard mode and the emergence of two new modes affecting the system's dynamical behavior.

## Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of two new Higgs modes in hybrid structures and analyzes their impact on the long-time dynamics of the superconducting order parameter.

## Key findings

- Standard Higgs mode at 2Δ is damped by quasiparticle leakage.
- Two new Higgs modes depend on both primary and induced gaps.
- These modes influence the dynamical properties of superconducting devices.

## Abstract

The proximity effect in hybrid superconducting - normal metal structures is shown to affect strongly the coherent oscillations of the superconducting order parameter $\Delta$ known as the Higgs modes. The standard Higgs mode at the frequency $2\Delta$ is damped exponentially by the quasiparticle leakage from the primary superconductor. Two new Higgs modes with the frequencies depending on both the primary and induced gaps in the hybrid structure are shown to appear due to the coherent electron transfer between the superconductor and the normal metal. Altogether these three modes determine the long-time asymptotic behavior of the superconducting order parameter disturbed either by the electromagnetic pulse or the quench of the system parameters and, thus, are of crucial importance for the dynamical properties and restrictions on the operating frequencies for superconducting devices based on the proximity effect used, e.g., in quantum computing, in particular, with topological low-energy excitations.