# How Compressed Hydrides Produce Room Temperature Superconductivity

## TL;DR

This paper analyzes high-temperature superconducting hydrides, revealing key factors influencing their transition temperatures and identifying a universal quantity proportional to T$_c$, advancing understanding of room temperature superconductivity.

## Contribution

It introduces an atomic decomposition approach to analyze hydrides, challenging conventional wisdom and identifying factors limiting T$_c$ in high-pressure superconductors.

## Key findings

- The $X$ atom's role in coupling is crucial despite being often neglected.
- A phase diagram shows a common instability limiting T$_c$ at low pressures.
- A new quantity proportional to T$_c$ is identified in hydrides.

## Abstract

The 2014-2015 prediction, discovery, and confirmation of record high temperature superconductivity above 200K in H$_3$S, followed by the 2018 extension to superconductivity in the 250-280K range in lanthanum hydride, marks a new era in the longstanding quest for room temperature superconductivity: quest achieved, at the cost of supplying 1.5-2 megabars of pressure. Predictions of numerous high temperature superconducting metal hydrides $XH_n$ ($X$=metal) have appeared, but are providing limited understanding of what drives the high transition temperature T$_c$, or what limits T$_c$. We apply an opportunistic atomic decomposition of the coupling function to show, first, that the $X$ atom provides coupling strength as commonly calculated, but is it irrelevant for superconductivity; in fact, it is important for analysis that its contribution is neglected. Five $X$H$_n$ compounds, predicted to have T$_c$ in the 150-300K range, are analyzed consistently for their relevant properties, revealing some aspects that confront conventional wisdom. A phonon frequency -- critical temperature ($\omega_2$-T$_c$) phase diagram is obtained that reveals a common phase instability limiting T$_c$ at the {\it low pressure} range of each compound. The hydrogen scattering strength is identified and found to differ strongly over the hydrides. A quantity directly proportional to T$_c$ in these hydrides is identified.