# Light Hidden Mesons through the Z Portal

## TL;DR

This paper explores how hidden QCD sectors coupled via Z and Higgs portals could produce detectable signals at colliders, especially through exotic Z decays, offering new avenues for discovering physics beyond the Standard Model.

## Contribution

It introduces a new effective field theory inspired by a tripled top model, analyzing collider signatures of hidden mesons via Z and Higgs portals, and outlines experimental search strategies.

## Key findings

- Exotic Z decays can probe hidden sector up to 3 TeV at the LHC and 20 TeV at TeraZ.
- Hidden mesons produce jets and displaced signals detectable by LHCb and dark photon searches.
- Prompt decays of hidden mesons are accessible at high-luminosity colliders for certain confinement scales.

## Abstract

Confining hidden sectors are an attractive possibility for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). They are especially motivated by neutral naturalness theories, which reconcile the lightness of the Higgs with the strong constraints on colored top partners. We study hidden QCD with one light quark flavor, coupled to the SM via effective operators suppressed by the mass $M$ of new electroweak-charged particles. This effective field theory is inspired by a new tripled top model of supersymmetric neutral naturalness. The hidden sector is accessed primarily via the $Z$ and Higgs portals, which also mediate the decays of the hidden mesons back to SM particles. We find that exotic $Z$ decays at the LHC and future $Z$ factories provide the strongest sensitivity to this scenario, and we outline a wide array of searches. For a larger hidden confinement scale $\Lambda\sim O(10)\;\mathrm{GeV}$, the exotic $Z$ decays dominantly produce final states with two hidden mesons. ATLAS and CMS can probe their prompt decays up to $M\sim 3\;\mathrm{TeV}$ at the high luminosity phase, while a TeraZ factory would extend the reach up to $M\sim 20\;\mathrm{TeV}$ through a combination of searches for prompt and displaced signals. For smaller $\Lambda \sim O(1)\;\mathrm{GeV}$, the $Z$ decays to the hidden sector produce jets of hidden mesons, which are long-lived. LHCb will be a powerful probe of these emerging jets. Furthermore, the light hidden vector meson could be detected by proposed dark photon searches.