# Measurement of temperature of a dusty plasma from configuration

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel 'Configurational Temperature' method for measuring dust particle temperature in dusty plasma using positional data, eliminating the need for velocity measurements, and validates it through simulations and experiments.

## Contribution

The paper presents a new temperature measurement technique based on particle configurations, applicable to both 2D and 3D dusty plasma systems, validated with simulations and experimental data.

## Key findings

- Method accurately measures dust temperature without velocity data.
- Simulation results align well with experimental measurements at high pressures.
- Extended 3D simulations suggest broader applicability in laboratory dust crystal studies.

## Abstract

A new method called `Configurational Temperature' is introduced in the context of dusty plasma, where the temperature of the dust particles, submerged in the plasma, can be measured directly from the positional information of the individual dust particles and the interaction potential between the dust grains. This method does not require the velocity information of individual particles which is a key parameter to measure the dust temperature in the conventional method. The technique is initially tested using two dimensional OpenMP parallel Molecular Dynamics and Monte-Carlo simulation and then compared with the temperature evaluating from the experimental data. The experiments have been carried out in Dusty plasma experimental (DPEx) device where a two dimensional stationary plasma crystal of melamine formaldehyde particles is formed in the cathode sheath of a DC glow discharge argon plasma. The dust kinetic temperature is calculated using standard PIV technique at different pressures. The simulation results matches well with the experimental data at relatively higher pressures where the dust particles arranged into crystalline state or in a strongly coupled fluid state. An extended simulation results for three dimensional case is also presented which can be employed for the temperature measurement of three dimensional dust crystal in laboratory devices.