# The CPT-violating effects on neutrons' gravitational bound state

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how CPT-violating interactions affect neutrons' gravitational bound states, revealing potential spin precession effects, sidereal time dependence, and setting bounds on LV coefficients through transition frequency measurements.

## Contribution

It provides analytical solutions for CPTV effects on neutrons in gravitational states and estimates bounds on LV coefficients from transition frequency data.

## Key findings

- Bound on LV coefficient | ilde{b}|<3.9×10^{-3} GeV from current measurements
- Potential to improve bounds to 10^{-24} GeV with future precision
- Sidereal time dependence of neutron spin polarization due to Earth's motion

## Abstract

In this work, the CPT-violating (CPTV) interactions on neutrons' gravitational bound state are studied. With simple analytical solutions, we provide a preliminary investigation on the Lorentz-violation (LV) induced spin precession due to the $\vec{\sigma}\cdot\vec{\tilde{b}}(1+gz)$ and $\bar{b}/m_{_I}\vec{\sigma}\cdot\hat{\vec{p}}$ couplings, where $\vec{\tilde{b}}$ and $\bar{b}$ represent LV coefficients. The helicity-dependent couplings can induce unusual phase evolutions with position and momentum dependence. As $\vec{\tilde{b}}$ varies with time due to the Earth's motion, the spin polarization also shows a sidereal time dependence, and it may be enhanced with time for ultra-stable polarized state of neutrons. The inseparability of the spin-momentum coupling of the $\bar{b}$-term can also lead to motional dependent polarization state. With the precisely measured transition frequency between different gravitational bound states, we get a rough bound $|\vec{\tilde{b}}|<3.9\times10^{-3}$GeV for unpolarized neutrons. If the spin-flip transition frequency can reach comparable precision in the future, the bound can be improved to the level of $10^{-24}$GeV. The test of weak equivalence principle with polarized atom may also improve it significantly.