Drone-based all-weather entanglement distribution

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates drone-based entanglement distribution under all-weather conditions over 200 meters, advancing quantum networks by enabling flexible, multi-node, and wide-area quantum communication infrastructure.

Contribution

First successful drone-based entanglement distribution in all-weather conditions, enabling scalable and flexible quantum network deployment with practical technology.

Findings

Achieved entanglement distribution over 200 meters in all-weather conditions.

S-parameter exceeds 2.49, confirming quantum entanglement.

Technology is compatible with multi-node quantum network expansion.

Abstract

The quantum satellite is a cornerstone towards practical free-space quantum network and overcomes the photon loss over large distance. However, challenges still exist including real-time all-location coverage and multi-node construction, which may be complemented by the diversity of modern drones. Here we demonstrate the first drone-based entanglement distribution at all-weather conditions over 200 meters (test field limited), and the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt S-parameter exceeds 2.49, within 35 kg take-off weight. With symmetric transmitter and receiver beam apertures and single-mode-fiber-coupling technology, such progress is ready for future quantum network with multi-node expansion. This network can be further integrated in picture-drone sizes for plug-and-play local-area coverage, or loaded onto high-altitude drones for wide-area coverage, which adds flexibility while connecting to the existing satellites and ground fiber-based quantum network.