# Implications of ANEC for SCFTs in four dimensions

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) imposes stronger bounds on operator dimensions in 4D superconformal field theories than traditional unitarity bounds, using convex optimization techniques.

## Contribution

It derives new, stronger ANEC bounds on operator dimensions in 4D $ ext{SCFTs}$ and extends these results to theories with extended supersymmetry, improving previous bounds via semidefinite programming.

## Key findings

- ANEC bounds are often stronger than unitarity bounds for operator dimensions.
- Derived explicit lower bounds on $ ext{SCFT}$ operator dimensions using ANEC.
- Improved analysis of the nonsupersymmetric case with convex optimization methods.

## Abstract

We explore consequences of the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) for scaling dimensions $\Delta$ of operators in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories. We show that in many cases the ANEC bounds are stronger than the corresponding unitarity bounds on $\Delta$. We analyze in detail chiral operators in the $(\frac12 j,0)$ Lorentz representation and prove that the ANEC implies the lower bound $\Delta\ge\frac32j$, which is stronger than the corresponding unitarity bound for $j>1$. We also derive ANEC bounds on $(\frac12 j,0)$ operators obeying other possible shortening conditions, as well as general $(\frac12 j,0)$ operators not obeying any shortening condition. In both cases we find that they are typically stronger than the corresponding unitarity bounds. Finally, we elucidate operator-dimension constraints that follow from our $\mathcal{N}=1$ results for multiplets of $\mathcal{N}=2,4$ superconformal theories in four dimensions. By recasting the ANEC as a convex optimization problem and using standard semidefinite programming methods we are able to improve on previous analyses in the literature pertaining to the nonsupersymmetric case.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1905.09293