# Unidimensional continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a simplified unidimensional continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution scheme that maintains security and performance while reducing implementation complexity.

## Contribution

It proposes a novel UD CV-MDI QKD protocol using single-quadrature Gaussian modulation, simplifying practical implementation compared to standard methods.

## Key findings

- Achieves comparable performance to symmetrical CV-MDI QKD
- Reduces system complexity by ignoring one quadrature modulation
- Security analyzed against collective attacks with finite-size considerations

## Abstract

Continuous-variable (CV) measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) is immune to imperfect detection devices, which can eliminate all kinds of attacks on practical detectors. Here we first propose a CV-MDI QKD scheme using unidimensional modulation (UD) in general phase-sensitive channels. The UD CV-MDI QKD protocol is implemented with the Gaussian modulation of a single quadrature of the coherent states prepared by two legitimate senders, aiming to simplify the implementation compared with the standard, symmetrically Gaussian-modulated CVMDI QKD protocol. Our scheme reduces the complexity of the system since it ignores the requirement in one of the quadrature modulations as well as the corresponding parameter estimations. The security of our proposed scheme is analyzed against collective attacks, and the finite-size analysis under realistic conditions is taken into account. UD CV-MDI QKD shows a comparable performance to that of its symmetrical counterpart, which will facilitate the simplification and practical implementation of the CV-MDI QKD protocols.