# Application of the amended Coriolis flowmeter "bubble theory" to sound propagation and attenuation in aerosols and hydrosols

## TL;DR

This paper extends the existing sound propagation and attenuation theory in suspensions by incorporating the amended Coriolis flowmeter 'bubble theory', accounting for particle-fluid interactions based on Stokes numbers and viscosity ratios, with applications to aerosols and hydrosols.

## Contribution

It introduces an extended theory of sound propagation in suspensions that includes dynamic particle-fluid interactions using the amended bubble theory.

## Key findings

- Differences between original and extended theories are discussed.
- Applications to aerosols and hydrosols demonstrate the extended model.
- The drag force depends on both fluid and particle Stokes numbers.

## Abstract

The existing viscous and incompressible theory of isothermal sound propagation and attenuation in suspensions considers solid particles which are infinitely viscous. We extend the theory by applying the amended Coriolis flowmeter "bubble theory". Here, the drag force is a function of both the fluid and particle Stokes numbers and the particle-to-fluid ratio of the dynamic viscosity [V.Galindo and G.Gerbeth, A note on the force of an accelerating spherical drop at low-Reynolds number, Phys. Fluids A Vol. 5, 3290-3292 (1993)]. Aerosol and hydrosol examples are presented and differences between the original and extended theories are discussed.