# Three-dimensional topological magnon systems

## TL;DR

This paper introduces three-dimensional topological magnon models with pseudo-time-reversal symmetry, defining $Z_2 invariants, and demonstrates phases with surface Dirac cones, suggesting potential thermal Hall effects in magnetic systems.

## Contribution

It develops a bosonic topological insulator model with $Z_2 invariants and explores its phases and surface states, extending topological insulator concepts to magnonic systems.

## Key findings

- Identification of three topological phases in magnon systems
- Presence of surface Dirac cones in non-trivial phases
- Potential for thermal Hall effect in surface magnons

## Abstract

We propose a class of models for a magnonic analog of topological insulators in three dimensions. The models have pseudo-time-reversal symmetry which ensures the existence of bosonic Kramers pairs. We define a set of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariants that characterizes different topological phases and determines the presence or absence of surface Dirac cones. This is demonstrated by considering a bosonic counterpart of the Fu-Kane-Mele model on a diamond lattice. The model is found to exhibit three distinct phases analogous to strong topological, weak topological, and trivial insulator phases of the original fermionic model. We also discuss a possible realization of the thermal Hall effect of surface magnons in the presence of a magnetic field in proximity to a normal ferromagnet.