# Carnot heat engine efficiency with a paramagnetic gas

## TL;DR

This paper derives an expression for the efficiency of a Carnot heat engine using a paramagnetic gas, showing its dependence on temperature limits similar to other ideal gases.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel efficiency formula for Carnot engines with paramagnetic gases as the working substance, expanding thermodynamic understanding.

## Key findings

- Efficiency depends on maximum and minimum temperature limits.
- Efficiency formula parallels that of ideal gases and photon gases.
- Provides theoretical basis for paramagnetic gas engines.

## Abstract

Considering ideal paramagnetic medium, in this paper we deduced an expression for the thermal efficiency of Carnot heat engine with a paramagnetic gas as working substance. We found that the efficiency depends on the limits of maximum and minimal temperature imposed on the Carnot cycle, as in the ideal gas, photon gas and variable Chaplygin gas.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1905.06338