# Dynamical stability of water distribution networks

## TL;DR

This paper presents a linear stability analysis of water distribution networks, introducing a resilience index based on eigenvalues that correlates with the system's recovery rate after shocks.

## Contribution

It develops a novel analytical framework for assessing the local stability and resilience of nonlinear water distribution network models.

## Key findings

- Steady state is always locally stable.
- The resilience index correlates with recovery rate.
- Method applicable to arbitrary pipe networks.

## Abstract

Water distribution networks are hydraulic infrastructures that aim to meet water demands at their various nodes. Water flows through pipes in the network create nonlinear dynamics on networks. A desirable feature of water distribution networks is high resistance to failures and other shocks given to the system. Such threats would at least transiently change the flow rate in various pipes, potentially undermining the functionality of the whole water distribution system. Here we carry out a linear stability analysis for a nonlinear dynamical system representing the flow rate through pipes that are interconnected through an arbitrary pipe network with reservoirs and consumer nodes. We show that the steady state is always locally stable and develop a method to calculate the eigenvalue that corresponds to the mode that decays the most slowly towards the equilibrium, which we use as an index for resilience of the system. We show that the proposed index is positively correlated with the recovery rate of the pipe network, which was derived from a realistic and industrially popular simulator. The present analytical framework is expected to be useful for deploying tools from nonlinear dynamics and network analysis to designing, resilience managements and scenario testings of water distribution networks.