# ECG Identification under Exercise and Rest Situations via Various Learning Methods

## TL;DR

This paper evaluates ECG-based human identification under both exercise and rest conditions, revealing that existing methods perform well at rest but struggle during exercise, highlighting the need for improved techniques.

## Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive evaluation of ECGID under exercise conditions and demonstrates the limitations of current learning methods in these scenarios.

## Key findings

- Current ECGID methods perform well at rest.
- Performance drops significantly during exercise.
- Existing methods are insufficient for exercise-based identification.

## Abstract

As the advancement of information security, human recognition as its core technology, has absorbed an increasing amount of attention in the past few years. A myriad of biometric features including fingerprint, face, iris, have been applied to security systems, which are occasionally considered vulnerable to forgery and spoofing attacks. Due to the difficulty of being fabricated, electrocardiogram (ECG) has attracted much attention. Though many works have shown the excellent human identification provided by ECG, most current ECG human identification (ECGID) researches only focus on rest situation. In this manuscript, we overcome the oversimplification of previous researches and evaluate the performance under both exercise and rest situations, especially the influence of exercise on ECGID. By applying various existing learning methods to our ECG dataset, we find that current methods which can well support the identification of individuals under rests, do not suffice to present satisfying ECGID performance under exercise situations, therefore exposing the deficiency of existing ECG identification methods.