# The hidden charm pentaquark states and $\Sigma_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ interaction in chiral perturbation theory

## TL;DR

This paper uses heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory to calculate potentials between $ ext{Sigma}_c$ and $ar{ ext{D}}^{(*)}$, exploring their possible molecular states and relevance to hidden charm pentaquarks.

## Contribution

It provides a next-to-leading order calculation of $ ext{Sigma}_car{ ext{D}}^{(*)}$ interactions including heavy quark symmetry violations and explores scenarios for pentaquark states as molecular bound states.

## Key findings

- Reproduces $P_c(4312)$ and $P_c(4440)$ as loosely bound states.
- Identifies parameter regions where $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$, and $P_c(4457)$ coexist as molecular states.
- Shows coupled-channel effects can reproduce all three $P_c$ states simultaneously.

## Abstract

In this work, we employ the heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory (HHChPT) to calculate the $\Sigma_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ potentials to the next-to-leading order. The contact, the one-pion exchange and the two-pion exchange interactions are included. Besides, the mass splittings between the heavy quark spin symmetry (HQSS) multiplets are kept in calculations. Our result shows that neglecting the heavy quark symmetry (HQS) violation effect may be misleading to predict the potentials between the charmed hadrons. We perform numerical analysis with three scenarios. In the first scenario, we relate the low-energy constants (LECs) in the contact terms of $\Sigma_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ to those of nucleon systems, and reproduce the $P_c(4312)$ and $P_c(4440)$ as loosely bound states. In the second scenario, we vary the unknown LECs and find a small parameter region in which $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ can coexist as molecular states. In the third scenario, we include the coupled-channel effect on the basis of scenario II, and notice that the three $P_c$ states can be reproduced as molecular states simultaneously in a large region of parameters. Our analytical results can be used for the chiral extrapolations in lattice QCD. With the lattice QCD results in the future as inputs, the identification of the $P_c$ states and predictions for other systems would be more reliable.