# Ground State Phases of Distorted $S=1$ Diamond Chains

## TL;DR

This paper explores the diverse ground state phases of distorted $S=1$ diamond chains, revealing how different distortions influence the stability of Haldane, ferrimagnetic, and topological phases through detailed phase diagram analysis.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of how type A and B distortions affect the ground states, including the emergence and stability of various quantum phases in $S=1$ diamond chains.

## Key findings

- Haldane phases are stable for large $\lambda$ in type A distortion.
- Quantized ferrimagnetic phases dominate at large $\lambda$ in type B distortion.
- Partial ferrimagnetic phases appear between ferrimagnetic phases under both distortions.

## Abstract

The ground states of distorted $S=1$ diamond chains are investigated for two types of distortion called type A and B [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79 (2010) 114703]. For the type A distortion, Haldane phases with and without spontaneous translational symmetry breakdown are present for large values of parameter $\lambda$ that parametrize the strength of frustration. For small $\lambda$, the Haldane phase and two quantized ferrimagnetic phases in the undistorted chain remain stable even for strong distortion. In contrast, for the type B distortion, the quantized ferrimagnetic phases with and without spontaneous translational symmetry breakdown are present for large $\lambda$. The partial ferrimagnetic phases emerge between them. For small $\lambda$, two quantized ferrimagnetic phases remain and the partial ferrimagnetic phases also emerge between them. The Haldane phase between the two kinds of ferrimagnetic phases turns into a topologically trivial double Haldane phase for strong distortion.