# Magnetic structure and high-field magnetization of the distorted kagome lattice antiferromagnet Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$

## TL;DR

This study investigates the magnetic structure and high-field magnetization behavior of the distorted kagome antiferromagnet Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$, revealing a structural phase transition, magnetic ordering, and potential magnetization plateau at high fields.

## Contribution

The paper provides the first detailed analysis of the magnetic structure and high-field magnetization of Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$, including neutron diffraction and symmetry-based magnetic structure refinement.

## Key findings

- Structural phase transition at 185 K from rhombohedral to monoclinic symmetry.
- Magnetic ordering occurs below 20.2 K with an all-in-all-out spin structure.
- Evidence of a possible 1/3 magnetization plateau around 90 T.

## Abstract

High-resolution time-of-flight powder neutron diffraction and high-field magnetization were measured to investigate the magnetic structure and existence of a field-induced magnetic phase transition in the distorted kagome antiferromagnet Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$. Upon cooling from room temperature, the compound undergoes a structural phase transition at $T_\textrm{t}=185$ K from the rhombohedral space group $R\bar{3}m$ with the perfect kagome spin network to the monoclinic space group $P2_1/n$ with the distorted kagome planes. The distortion results in three inequivalent exchange interactions among the $S=1/2$ Cu$^{2+}$ spins that magnetically order below $T_\textrm{N}=20.2$ K. Magnetization measured with a magnetic field applied within the kagome plane reveals small in-plane ferromagnetism resulting from spin canting. On the other hand, the out-of-plane magnetization does not show a clear hysteresis loop of the ferromagnetic component nor a prominent anomaly up to 170 T, with the exception of the subtle knee-like bend around 90 T, which could indicate the 1/3 magnetization plateau. The combined analysis using the irreducible representations of the magnetic space groups and magnetic structure refinement on the neutron powder diffraction data suggests that the magnetic moments order in the magnetic space group $P2_1'/n'$ with the all-in-all-out spin structure, which by symmetry allows for the in-plane canting, consistent with the in-plane ferromagnetism observed in the magnetization.