# On the explicit representation of the trace space $H^{\frac{3}{2}}$ and of the solutions to biharmonic Dirichlet problems on Lipschitz domains via multi-parameter Steklov problems

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel multi-parameter Steklov problem approach to explicitly characterize the trace space $H^{3/2}$ on Lipschitz domains and to represent solutions to biharmonic Dirichlet problems.

## Contribution

It defines trace spaces via Fourier series linked to new multi-parameter biharmonic Steklov problems, extending classical smooth domain results to Lipschitz domains.

## Key findings

- Defined $H^{3/2}$ trace space using eigenfunctions of new Steklov problems
- Represented biharmonic Dirichlet solutions in series form
- Analyzed spectral properties and provided explicit examples

## Abstract

We consider the problem of describing the traces of functions in $H^2(\Omega)$ on the boundary of a Lipschitz domain $\Omega$ of $\mathbb R^N$, $N\geq 2$. We provide a definition of those spaces, in particular of $H^{\frac{3}{2}}(\partial\Omega)$, by means of Fourier series associated with the eigenfunctions of new multi-parameter biharmonic Steklov problems which we introduce with this specific purpose. These definitions coincide with the classical ones when the domain is smooth. Our spaces allow to represent in series the solutions to the biharmonic Dirichlet problem. Moreover, a few spectral properties of the multi-parameter biharmonic Steklov problems are considered, as well as explicit examples. Our approach is similar to that developed by G. Auchmuty for the space $H^1(\Omega)$, based on the classical second order Steklov problem.