# Hydrodynamics of broken global symmetries in the bulk

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the hydrodynamic behavior of broken global symmetries in holographic models at finite temperature, revealing a diffusive mode without a conserved charge and deriving its diffusion constant analytically.

## Contribution

It provides an analytic expression for the diffusion constant and introduces a new transport coefficient related to black hole horizon data in holographic theories.

## Key findings

- Existence of a gapless diffusive mode in broken symmetry phases
- Analytic formula for the diffusion constant in terms of thermodynamic data
- Identification of a new transport coefficient $\sigma_{b}$ fixed by horizon data

## Abstract

We consider holographic theories at finite temperature in which a continuous global symmetry in the bulk is spontaneously broken. We study the linear response of operators in a regime which is dual to time dependent, long wavelength deformations of solutions generated by the symmetry. By computing the boundary theory retarded Green's function we show the existence of a gapless mode with a diffusive dispersion relation. The diffusive character of the mode is compatible with the absence of a conserved charge from the field theory point of view. We give an analytic expression for the corresponding diffusion constant in terms of thermodynamic data and a new transport coefficient $\sigma_{b}$ which is fixed by the black hole horizon data. After adding a perturbative source on the boundary, we compute the resulting gap $\delta\omega_{g}$ as a simple function of $\sigma_{b}$ and of data of the thermal state.