# Anomalies from Non-Perturbative Standard Model Effects

## TL;DR

This paper proposes that certain anomalies in the Standard Model arise from non-perturbative effects linked to the large top Yukawa coupling, suggesting a new strongly interacting sector and providing explanations for lepton universality violations and CP violation discrepancies.

## Contribution

It introduces a non-perturbative framework for Standard Model anomalies, modeling a new strongly interacting sector influenced by the top Yukawa coupling, and addresses multiple observed anomalies.

## Key findings

- Fitted lepton universality anomalies with a single scale parameter.
- Predicted an anomalous contribution to meson mass differences.
- Explained CP violation parameter discrepancies within the new model.

## Abstract

We interpret anomalies, deviations, from the standard model as being in fact due to effects not given by perturbation, because the top Yukawa coupling is after all so large that not by perturbation effects become important. Most of the anomalies found have the character of signaling violation of lepton universality. There are four lepton universality violating anomalies known at present, which we shall fit with one overall scale parameter to order of magnitude accuracy. One can look at the picture that we have found - due to the rather strong top Yukawa coupling - as a new sector of strongly interacting particles analogous to quantum color dynamics inside the standard model! In addition we treat what is presumably also an anomaly: the experimental value of the direct charge conjugation parity violation parameter epsilon prime over epsilon turns out to be a factor 2 or more larger than the standard model prediction,but fit our model. However if we include in our anomaly model such processes not involving leptons (but only quarks), it seems superficially that we obtain very large - and unacceptable - anomalies in meson zero meson zero bar etc. mixing. To rescue our model from this falsification, we think of the interacting quarks as provided with clouds (on half terra electron volt scale) of, and that too strongly interacting such clouds cannot penetrate into each other. Thereby the interactions and thus the resulting anomalies are damped. Even with such a crutch for our theory we only barely manage to avoid an overlarge anomaly in the indirect charge conjugation parity violation parameter epsilon. Our modified model also predicts an anomalous contribution to the meson long to meson short mass difference of the same order of magnitude as the experimental value, which is consistent with the deviation from the standard model lattice value.