# Chemical evolution of galaxies: emerging dust and the different gas phases in a new multiphase code

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new multiphase galaxy evolution model that self-consistently incorporates dust physics, tracking the formation, growth, and destruction of dust alongside gas phase transitions, calibrated against Milky Way data.

## Contribution

It presents a novel implementation of dust physics into a multiphase galaxy evolution code with physically motivated conversion rates among gas phases.

## Key findings

- Model aligns with observations at intermediate/high metallicities.
- Predicts higher dust content than observed at low metallicities.
- Provides a framework for future detailed chemical evolution studies.

## Abstract

Dust plays an important role in the evolution of a galaxy, since it is one of the main ingredients for efficient star formation. Dust grains are also a sink/source of metals when they are created/destroyed, and, therefore, a self-consistent treatment is key in order to correctly model chemical evolution. In this work, we discuss the implementation of dust physics into our current multiphase model, which also follows the evolution of atomic, ionised and molecular gas. Our goal is to model the conversion rates among the different phases of the interstellar medium, including the creation, growth and destruction of dust, based on physical principles rather than phenomenological recipes inasmuch as possible. We first present the updated set of differential equations and then discuss the results. We calibrate our model against observations of the Milky Way Galaxy and compare its predictions with extant data. Our results are broadly consistent with the observed data for intermediate and high metallicities, but the models tend to produce more dust than observed in the low metallicity regime.