A Review on Energy Consumption Optimization Techniques in IoT Based Smart Building Environments

TL;DR

This paper reviews various energy optimization techniques in IoT-enabled smart buildings, highlighting recent algorithms, challenges, and the integration of fog and edge computing to enhance energy efficiency and user comfort.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive literature review of energy optimization methods, discussing recent algorithms, challenges, and the role of fog and edge computing in smart homes.

Findings

Various optimization algorithms have been proposed but the problem remains unsolved.

New algorithms show improved accuracy on benchmarks but are not yet applied to smart home energy management.

Integration of fog and edge computing enhances energy optimization in smart environments.

Abstract

In recent years, due to the unnecessary wastage of electrical energy in residential buildings, the requirement of energy optimization and user comfort has gained vital importance. In the literature, various techniques have been proposed addressing the energy optimization problem. The goal of each technique was to maintain a balance between user comfort and energy requirements such that the user can achieve the desired comfort level with the minimum amount of energy consumption. Researchers have addressed the issue with the help of different optimization algorithms and variations in the parameters to reduce energy consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this problem is not solved yet due to its challenging nature. The gap in the literature is due to the advancements in the technology and drawbacks of the optimization algorithms and the introduction of different new optimization algorithms. Further, many newly proposed optimization algorithms which have produced better accuracy on the benchmark instances but have not been applied yet for the optimization of energy consumption in smart homes. In this paper, we have carried out a detailed literature review of the techniques used for the optimization of energy consumption and scheduling in smart homes. The detailed discussion has been carried out on different factors contributing towards thermal comfort, visual comfort, and air quality comfort. We have also reviewed the fog and edge computing techniques used in smart homes.