# Mean-field potential effects in the cumulants of baryons from central Au+Au collision at $E_{lab}$= 1.23 GeV$/$nucleon

## TL;DR

This study investigates how mean-field potentials influence baryon cumulants in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, revealing that mean fields enhance fluctuations and affect cumulant ratios, which is crucial for interpreting experimental data.

## Contribution

It introduces the effects of mean-field potentials on baryon cumulants at intermediate energies using UrQMD simulations, highlighting their role in fluctuation enhancement.

## Key findings

- Mean field potential increases fluctuations in momentum space.
- Enhancement of cumulant ratios is more significant for all baryons than free protons.
- Results aid in interpreting baryon fluctuation data at intermediate energies.

## Abstract

The cumulants of baryon multiplicity distribution in relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HICs) have attracted considerable attention recently. It has been conjectured that they may serve as a promising observable to detect the critical end point in the QCD phase diagram, while the cumulants in HICs at intermediate energies have not been widely studied to date. How to interpret the cumulants data at intermediate energies and compare with the data at relativistic energies is now being actively discussed. Both meam-field potential and clustering are highly important to HICs at intermediate energies. In this talk, we discuss these effects on the cumulant ratios of baryon number distributions in Au+Au collisions at beam energies of 1.23 GeV$/$nucleon which have been currently performed by the HADES Collaboration at GSI. Within the newest version of the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model, calculations with different mean field potentials as well as without mean field potential are performed. It is found that the mean field potential enhances fluctuations in the momentum space during the expanding stage, especially in a small rapidity acceptance window. The enhancement of cumulant ratios for free protons is suppressed compared with that for all baryons.