# Resilience of Traffic Networks with Partially Controlled Routing

## TL;DR

This paper explores how infrastructure-to-vehicle communication can optimize traffic flow by providing routing suggestions, analyzing system resilience and the impact of driver compliance levels on network stability.

## Contribution

It introduces a real-time optimization framework that accounts for partial driver compliance and assesses the resilience of traffic networks to fluctuations in routing adherence.

## Key findings

- Fluctuations in driver compliance can cause link failures.
- The system's resilience depends on the trust levels in routing suggestions.
- Infrastructure-to-vehicle communication introduces new fragilities.

## Abstract

This paper investigates the use of Infrastructure-To-Vehicle (I2V) communication to generate routing suggestions for drivers in transportation systems, with the goal of optimizing a measure of overall network congestion. We define link-wise levels of trust to tolerate the non-cooperative behavior of part of the driver population, and we propose a real-time optimization mechanism that adapts to the instantaneous network conditions and to sudden changes in the levels of trust. Our framework allows us to quantify the improvement in travel time in relation to the degree at which drivers follow the routing suggestions. We then study the resilience of the system, measured as the smallest change in routing choices that results in roads reaching their maximum capacity. Interestingly, our findings suggest that fluctuations in the extent to which drivers follow the provided routing suggestions can cause failures of certain links. These results imply that the benefits of using Infrastructure-To-Vehicle communication come at the cost of new fragilities, that should be appropriately addressed in order to guarantee the reliable operation of the infrastructure.