Observations of small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region: explosive events, UV bursts and network jets

TL;DR

This paper reviews small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region, such as explosive events, UV bursts, and jets, highlighting their role in understanding solar atmospheric dynamics and energy transfer.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent observational insights into these phenomena, emphasizing their significance in solar physics research.

Findings

TR is highly dynamic and crucial for energy transfer

Small-scale events help understand larger solar phenomena

Multiple instruments have advanced the study of TR events

Abstract

In this paper, we review observational aspects of three common small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region (TR), namely: TR explosive events, ultraviolet bursts and jets. These events are defined in either (both) spectral or (and) imaging data. The development of multiple instruments capable of observing the TR has allowed researchers to gain numerous insights into these phenomena in recent years. These events have provided a proxy to study how mass and energy are transported between the solar chromosphere and the corona. As the physical mechanisms responsible for these small-scale events might be similar to the mechanisms responsible for large-scale phenomena, such as flares and coronal mass ejections, analysis of these events could also help our understanding of the solar atmosphere from small to large scales. The observations of these small-scale energetic events demonstrate that the TR is extremely dynamic and is a crucial layer in the solar atmosphere between the chromosphere and the corona.