# Entanglement in non-equilibrium steady states and many-body localization breakdown in a current driven system

## TL;DR

This paper explores how entanglement properties and localization in a disordered 1D system change under non-Hermitian, current-driven conditions, revealing a transition from volume-law to area-law entanglement.

## Contribution

It introduces a non-Hermitian model to study entanglement transitions in driven disordered systems, highlighting the impact of asymmetric hopping on many-body localization.

## Key findings

- Identifies a transition from volume-law to area-law entanglement entropy.
- Shows the existence of current-carrying non-equilibrium steady states.
- Reveals rich entanglement structures in non-Hermitian eigenstates.

## Abstract

We model a one-dimensional (1D) current-driven interacting disordered system through a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with asymmetric hopping and study the entanglement properties of its eigenstates. In particular, we investigate whether a many-body localizable system undergoes a transition to a current-carrying non-equilibrium steady state under the drive and how the entanglement properties of the quantum states change across the transition. We also discuss the dynamics, entanglement growth, and long-time fate of a generic initial state under an appropriate time-evolution of the system governed by the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Our study reveals rich entanglement structures of the eigenstates of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We find transition between current-carrying states with volume-law to area-law entanglement entropy, as a function of disorder and the strength of the non-Hermitian term.