Alternative approach to gravity and MOND

TL;DR

This paper proposes a generalized gravitational equation applicable to both terrestrial and cosmic scales, aiming to explain galaxy rotation curves without dark matter and challenging traditional physics principles in low-acceleration regimes.

Contribution

It introduces a new gravitational framework that extends classical laws to weak fields, addressing galaxy rotation without dark matter and overcoming limitations of MOND theories.

Findings

Generalized gravitational equation applicable to cosmic scales

Explains galaxy rotation curves without dark matter

Challenges traditional physics principles in low-acceleration zones

Abstract

The classical gravitational two-body problem is generalized in order to be applicable also to weak gravitational fields. The equation of motion holds both for terrestrial and large cosmic scales, the Newtonian gravitational law represents a mathematical limit of the generalized form. Motivation comes from observational results on rotation curves of galaxies. Existence of a dark matter is not assumed. The crucial laws of physics hold and also the potential energy of the system is symmetric with respect to masses of the two bodies. Shortcomings of the results published for decades, including MOND theories and false-yet-familiar approaches, are overcome. The impact on searching for a fundamental physical theory is stressed. Some of the conventional ideas of the past centuries do not hold for the zone of small accelerations, e.g., the principle of least action using the Lagrangian density of potentials and fields does not work. We may look forward to great changes in our understanding of the evolution of the Universe.