Development of a 3-D energy-momentum analyzer for meV-scale energy electrons

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel 3-D energy-momentum analyzer designed for precise measurement of low-energy electrons near the photoemission threshold, enabling advanced studies in photoemission physics.

Contribution

The development of a time-of-flight based analyzer capable of measuring 3-D momentum and energy distributions of electrons with meV-scale energies and sub-meV resolution.

Findings

Achieved energy resolution below 1 meV.

Capable of measuring electrons with energies down to 1 meV.

Suitable for studying photoemission processes near the threshold.

Abstract

In this article, we report on the development of a time-of-flight based electron energy analyzer capable of measuring the 3-D momentum and energy distributions of very low energy (meV-scale) photoemitted electrons. This analyzer is capable of measuring energy and 3-D momentum distributions of electrons with energies down to 1 meV with a sub-meV energy resolution. This analyzer is an ideal tool for studying photoemission processes very close to the photoemission threshold and also for studying the physics of photoemission based electron sources.