# Overcoming Noise in Entanglement Distribution

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates experimentally that high-dimensional entangled photon states in specific degrees of freedom can significantly resist noise, advancing practical quantum communication by surpassing current noise and distance limits.

## Contribution

It introduces two experimental pathways to exploit high-dimensional entanglement for noise resilience, achieving certification of entanglement at high noise levels in photonic systems.

## Key findings

- Entanglement certified up to 72% noise in orbital-angular-momentum states.
- Entanglement certified up to 92% noise in energy-time states.
- Demonstrates practical noise resistance in high-dimensional quantum systems.

## Abstract

Noise can be considered the natural enemy of quantum information. An often implied benefit of high-dimensional entanglement is its increased resilience to noise. However, manifesting this potential in an experimentally meaningful fashion is challenging and has never been done before. In infinite dimensional spaces, discretisation is inevitable and renders the effective dimension of quantum states a tunable parameter. Owing to advances in experimental techniques and theoretical tools, we demonstrate an increased resistance to noise by identifying two pathways to exploit high-dimensional entangled states. Our study is based on two separate experiments utilising canonical spatio-temporal properties of entangled photon pairs. Following these different pathways to noise resilience, we are able to certify entanglement in the photonic orbital-angular-momentum and energy-time degrees of freedom up to noise conditions corresponding to a noise fraction of 72 % and 92 % respectively. Our work paves the way towards practical quantum communication systems that are able to surpass current noise and distance limitations, while not compromising on potential device-independence.