# Scrutiny of stagnation region flow in a nanofluid suspended permeable medium due to inconsistent heat source/sink

## TL;DR

This paper investigates nanofluid flow near stagnation regions over deforming surfaces within porous media with inconsistent heat sources/sinks, using similarity solutions and the optimal homotopy asymptotic method to analyze effects of various parameters.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel application of OHAM to analyze nanofluid flow in porous media with complex heat source/sink conditions and examines the influence of multiple parameters on flow and heat transfer.

## Key findings

- Stagnation strength reverses boundary layer velocity profiles.
- Heat transfer correlates directly with Forchheimer number under dominant stagnation forces.
- Flow behavior is significantly affected by porosity, Brownian motion, and thermophoretic effects.

## Abstract

In present analysis, nanofluid transport near to a stagnation region over a bidirectionally deforming surface is scrutinized. The region is embedded with Darcy-Forchheimer medium which supports permeability. The porous matrix is suspended with nanofluid, and surface is under the influence of inconsistent heat source/sink. Using similarity functions, framed governing equations are switched to a collection of ordinary differential equations. Output is procured via optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). Basic notion of OHAM for a vector differential set-up is presented along with required convergence theorems. At different flow stagnation strengths, nanofluid behavior is investigated with respect to variations in porosity parameter, Forchheimer number, Brownian motion, stretching ratio, thermophoretic force, heat source/sink and Schimdt number. Stagnation flow strength invert the pattern of boundary layer profiles of primary velocity. Heat transfer has straightforward relation with Forchheimer number when stagnation forces dominate stretching forces