# Baryon density extraction and isotropy analysis of Cosmic Microwave Background using Deep Learning

## TL;DR

This paper explores the use of deep learning to estimate baryon density from simulated CMB maps and analyzes the isotropy of CMB using neural networks, offering a novel approach to cosmological data analysis.

## Contribution

It introduces a deep learning framework for baryon density estimation from CMB data and assesses CMB isotropy through neural network predictions, bridging simulation and analysis.

## Key findings

- Deep learning can accurately predict baryon density from simulated CMB maps.
- Neural networks reveal insights into CMB isotropy at different galactic coordinates.
- The approach provides an alternative to traditional statistical methods for cosmological analysis.

## Abstract

The discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB) was a paradigm shift in the study and fundamental understanding of the early universe and also the Big Bang phenomenon. Cosmic microwave background is one of the richest and intriguing sources of information available to cosmologists and one parameter of special interest is baryon density of the universe. Baryon density can be primarily estimated by analyzing CMB data or through the study of big bang nucleosynthesis(BBN). Hence, it is necessary that both of the results found though the two methods are in agreement with each other. Although there are some well established statistical methods for the analysis of CMB to estimate baryon density, here we explore the use of deep learning in this respect. We correlate the baryon density obtained from the power spectrum of simulated CMB temperature maps with the corresponding map image and form the dataset for training the neural network model. We analyze the accuracy with which the model is able to predict the results from a relatively abstract dataset considering the fact that CMB is a Gaussian random field. CMB is anisotropic due to temperature fluctuations at small scales but on a larger scale CMB is considered isotropic, here we analyze the isotropy of CMB by training the model with CMB maps centered at different galactic coordinates and compare the predictions of neural network models.