Neutrino mass via linear seesaw, 331-model and Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism

TL;DR

This paper proposes an extended 331-model incorporating Froggatt-Nielsen and linear seesaw mechanisms, explaining fermion mass hierarchies and neutrino lightness with a new physics scale around 50 TeV.

Contribution

It introduces a novel combination of Froggatt-Nielsen and linear seesaw mechanisms within the 331-model framework for fermion mass explanation.

Findings

Successfully reproduces fermion masses and mixing matrices

Identifies a new physics scale around 50 TeV

Provides a unified explanation for fermion hierarchies

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce an extension of the Standard Model, based on SU(3)$_\mathrm{C}\times $SU(3)$_\mathrm{L}\times $U(1)$_X$ gauge symmetry (331-model). The 331-models traditionally explain the number of fermion familes in nature. In our model the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism is incorporated into the 331-setting in a particularly economical fashion. The model utilizes the both the Froggatt-Nielsen and linear seesaw mechanisms to explain the observed fermion mass hierarchies and lightness of neutrinos. In our numerical analysis we found that a $\sim$ 50 TeV new physics scale is able to reproduce correctly all the fermion masses and mixing matrices, including neutrino masses, mass squared differences and mixing matrix.